Art Of Logical Thinking by William Atkinson - Read the Complete Text for free at NewThoughtLibrary.com

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William Atkinson's

Art Of Logical Thinking

Book page numbers, along with the number to the left of the .htm extension match the page numbers of the original books to ensure easy use in citations for research papers and books

1 - Reasoning - 2 - Process of Reasoning - 3 - The Concept - 4 - The Use of Concepts - 5 - Concepts and Images - 6 - Terms - 7 - Meaning of Terms - 8 - Judgments - 9 - Propositions - 10 - Immediate Reasoning - 11 - Inductive Reasoning - 12 - Reasoning by Induction - 13 - Theory and Hypotheses - 14 - Making and Testing Hypotheses - 15 - Deductive Reasoning - 16 - The Syllogism - 17 - Varieties of Syllogisms - 18 - Reasoning by Analogy - 19 - Fallacies -

the true one." An authority says "Theory is a stronger word than hypothesis. A theory is founded on principles which have been established on independent evidence. A hypothesis merely assumes the operation of a cause which would account for the phenomena, but has not evidence that such cause was actually at work. Metaphysically, a theory is nothing but a hypothesis supported by a. large amount of probable evidence." Brooks says: "When a hypothesis is shown to explain all the facts that are known, these facts being varied and extensive, it is said to be verified, and becomes a theory. Thus we have the theory of universal gravitation, the Copernican theory of the solar system, the undulatory theory of light, etc., all of which were originally mere hypotheses. This is the manner in which the term is usually employed in the inductive philosophy; though it must be admitted that it is not always used in this strict sense. Discarded hypotheses are often referred to as theories; and that which is actually a theory is sometimes called a hypothesis."

The steps by which we build up a hypothesis

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