Art Of Logical Thinking by William Atkinson - Read the Complete Text for free at NewThoughtLibrary.com

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William Atkinson's

Art Of Logical Thinking

Book page numbers, along with the number to the left of the .htm extension match the page numbers of the original books to ensure easy use in citations for research papers and books

1 - Reasoning - 2 - Process of Reasoning - 3 - The Concept - 4 - The Use of Concepts - 5 - Concepts and Images - 6 - Terms - 7 - Meaning of Terms - 8 - Judgments - 9 - Propositions - 10 - Immediate Reasoning - 11 - Inductive Reasoning - 12 - Reasoning by Induction - 13 - Theory and Hypotheses - 14 - Making and Testing Hypotheses - 15 - Deductive Reasoning - 16 - The Syllogism - 17 - Varieties of Syllogisms - 18 - Reasoning by Analogy - 19 - Fallacies -

This comparison must lead to a Judgment regarding their agreement or disagreement. For instance, we have the two concepts, horse and animal. We examine and compare the two concepts, and find that there is an agreement between them. We find that the concept horse is included in the higher concept of animal and therefore, we assert that: "The horse is an animal." This is a statement of agreement and is, therefore, a Positive Judgment. We then compare the concepts horse and cow and find a disagreement between them, which we express in the statement of the Judgment that: "The horse is not a cow." This Judgment, stating a disagreement is what is called a Negative Judgment.

In the above illustration of the comparison between the concepts horse and animal we find that the second concept animal is broader than the first, horse, so broad in fact that it includes the latter. The terms are not equal, for we cannot say, in truth, that "an animal is the horse." We may, however, include a. part of the broader conception with the narrower and say: "some animals are horses." Sometimes

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