NewThoughtLibrary.com / DivineLibrary.org

discouragement, disappointment, despair, all tending to repress effort, and to make the effort that is put forth peculiarly exhaustive. That the activity of the mind is an independent source of strength, is necessary to the highest, most successful development of purely physical strength, is indicated by the very different physical results which accompany efforts alike in intensity, but unlike in the satisfaction which accompanies them. Hope gives strength, discouragement at once takes it away. As physical life is an independent stimulus to the mind, so mental life is an independent stimulus to the body.

The second class of unpleasant feelings, arising from the relation to our own actions of baffled desire, is limited. They are certain forms of shame and humility. We are humbled by failure; we are ashamed of the ill success which has followed our efforts; we are mortified that others should be spectators of our weakness. These emotions are disagreeable, and may become excessive, permanently weakening the incentives to effort. Humility and shame find their fullest play in the moral field. Like some of the other intellectual feelings, they are adumbrations of emotions called forth by moral relations.

The third class of painful feelings, those excited toward others by opposition and failure, is especially full and varied. Envy, jealousy, dislike, antipathy, resentment, anger, hatred, malice, rage, revenge, are some of the words which express varied phases and stages of feeling exasperated by the indirect or direct interference of others, by an opposition of attitude, or character, or effort. Envy and jealousy arise from the designed or undesigned displacing of ourselves in position, or in affection, by others. They do not necessarily imply any fault on the part of their object, but merely an entrance upon ground we had coveted for ourselves. When this entrance is an intrusion, the feelings