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to their exact form and value than they have received, as the shades of action that distinguish association and reflection are unobtrusive and delicate; and few are aware of the extent of results easily within the scope of association alone. Farther, we are not considering what would be referred in man to reflection, but how much is possible to quick perceptions, strong appetites, and a ready memory, when they are left to act alone, and are not therefore superseded or embarrassed by reasoning. Says the writer last quoted, "It has often been remarked, that the crow has a capacity to count up to a certain number. If two hunters enter a hut, and only one comes out, he will not be allured near the place by any bait, however tempting; the same will be the case, if three enter and two come out, or if four enter and three come out, and so on till a number is reached which is beyond his arithmetic." How far are we to give credit to these current statements is very uncertain, but granting their accuracy, they do not require for their explanation a distinct recognition on the part of the crow of numbers, a conscious subtraction and the acceptance of a definite remainder. Concede these, and the sagacious bird would quickly find in the objective teaching of the rowed cornfields before him, an express provision for a grander arithmetical procedure. Within narrow limits, groups of two, or three, or four, or five objects are directly and readily distinguishable in perception aside from numeration; beyond these they do not so vary the impression as to make the difference easily observable. Groups of twenty and of twenty-one persons will hardly be distinguished by a stroke of the eye. Certain separable sensations, therefore, may be associated in the experience of the crow with danger, while others inseparable have made no such impression. Let, however, one of the twenty men always remain, and doubtless the crow would soon attach danger to this